I.5. ENSURING COMPLIANCE WITH POLITICAL FINANCE REGULATIONS – 99
FINANCING DEMOCRACY: FUNDING OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND ELECTION CAMPAIGNS AND THE RISK OF POLICY CAPTURE © OECD 2016
Table 5.1. The institutional capacity of electoral management bodies in selected OECD countries
Electoral management body Staff numbers Mandate and powers Budget
Canada Elections Canada
www.elections.ca/
500 staf
1
Up to 235 000 temporary
employees to administer
elections or referenda
Provide guidance to political parties and
candidates
Review
Investigate suspected violations
Issue caution letters, engage in public
compliance agreement
Commissioner may disqualify candidates or
levy fines up to CAD 100 000
Refer criminal matters to public prosecutors
CAD 120million
(2014
2
)
Chile SERVEL (Electoral Service)
www.servel.cl/
276 staf
80 professional
196 technical and
administrative
dministrative review of financial statements
for compliance with laws and regulations
No fine or sanction powers
USD 12.727 million
(2014)
USD 4.678 million
for elections (2014)
Estonia Estonian Party Funding
Supervision Committee
www.erjk.ee/
2 staf
Administrative manager
Legal advisor
To support the 9 Committee
members
Review party and candidate financial
disclosures
Investigate suspected violations or complaints
Demand additional evidence from parties or
third parties
Impose civil fines up to EUR 15 000
Refer criminal matters to prosecutors
France
3
Commission Nationale des
Comptes de Campagne et des
Financements Politiques
(CNCCFP)
www.cnccfp.fr/
33 staf
Utilises temporary employees
to review campaign accounts
or undertake investigations
Review financial reports- and approve, reject or
revise them
Rejection of accounts can result in non-
reimbursement of expenses
Refer suspected criminal violations to the
public prosecutor
EUR 6.7 million
(2015 case study)
Korea National Election Commission of
Korea (NEC)
www.nec.go.kr
330 staff at headquarters
620 staff
17 metropolitan or provincial
commissions
1 820 staff in district
commissions
Review party financial reports
Issue regulations, conduct investigations into
suspected violations of the Public Official
Election Act or Political Funds Act
Issue administrative fines or correction orders
4
USD 329 million
(2014)
United
Kingdom
Electoral Commission
www.electoralcommission.org.u
k/
127 staf
5
14 executives
103 managers/ senior
advisers / advisers /officers
10 assistants
Provide guidelines and advice to parties,
candidates and the public
Review party and candidate financial
disclosures
Investigate suspected violations and
complaints
Conduct interviews
Issue civil fines or compliance or stop notices
6
GBP 20.965 million
(2014-15)
7
United
States
Federal Election Commission
www.fec.gov/
350 staf
8
Attorneys
IT professionals Auditors,
administrators
Issue regulations
Review party and candidate financial
disclosures, and conduct audits of disclosure
reports
Investigate suspected violations or complaints
Compel witness testimony or documents
Impose civil fines
Refer criminal matters to federal prosecutors
USD 66 million (FY
2011)
Source:
1. Elections Canada (n.d. a), “The Role and Structure of Elections Canada”, www.elections.ca/content.aspx?
section=abo&dir=role&document=index&lang=e (accessed on 27 October 2015).
2. Elections Canada (n.d. b), “2013–14 Departmental Performance Report”, www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=rep/est/dpr2014&
document=financial&lang=e (accessed on 27 October 2015).
3. CNCCFP (2014), “CNCCFP - France’s National Commission for Campaign Accounts and Political Financing”,
www.cnccfp.fr/presse/kit/cnccfp_en.pdf.
4. Ace Electoral Knowledge (n.d.), “South Korea: An Independent and Neutral Electoral Management Body”, https://aceproject.org/ace-
en/topics/em/electoral-management-case-studies/south-korea-an-independent-and-neutral-electoral.
5. Electoral Commission (2014), “Corporate plan 2014-15 to 2018-19”, www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/
0006/167091/EC-Corporate-Plan-2014-15-to-2018-19.pdf, p. 33.
6. Electoral Commission (2011), “Enforcement policy, December 2010”, www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/
pdf_file/0003/106743/Enforcement-Policy-30March11.pdf.
7. Electoral Commission (2014), “Corporate plan 2014-15 to 2018-19”, www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/
0006/167091/EC-Corporate-Plan-2014-15-to-2018-19.pdf.
8. GRECO (2011), “Third Evaluation Round: Evaluation Report on the United States of America: Transparency of Party Funding”, Council of
Europe, www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/greco/evaluations/round3/GrecoEval3%282011)2_USA_Two_EN.pdf.