CSS Styling
Styling Backgrounds
The shorthand property for background is background. Example:
{background:#ffffff url('img_tree.png') no-repeat right top;}
Styling Text
background-color
Background color corresponds to a HEX value like ʻ#ff0000ʼ,
an RGB value like ʻrgb(255,0,0)ʼ or a color name like “red”.
Example: div {background-color:#b0c4de;}
background-
image
To set background image, do
body {background-image:url(ʻT.gifʼ);} where T is name of pic
background-
repeat
To repeat vertically, do background-repeat:repeat-y;
To repeat horizontally, do background-repeat:repeat-x;
For no repeat, do background-repeat:no-repeat;
background-
attachment
For an image that scrolls with rest of page, do
background-attachment:scroll;
For a fixed image, do
background-
position
background-attachment:fixed;
To position background do, “background-position: X Y;”
where X can be left, right or center and Y can be top, bottom
or center. Example: background-position: right top;
Color
To change the font color, add command “color: some color;”
where “some color” is a HEX value, RGB value or name.
Example: div {color:#b0c4de;}
text-align
To align text to left, do text-align:left
To align text to right, do text-align:right
To center text, do text-align:center
To stretch the lines so that each line has equal width, do
text-align:justify
text-decoration
To add line below text, do text-decoration:underline
To add line above text, do text-decoration:overline
To add strikethrough, do text-decoration:line-through
Example: text-decoration:overline;
Styling Fonts
Here are some fonts available in CSS:
Generic Family
Font Family
Serif
Times New Roman
Georgia
Sans-Serif
Arial
Verdana
Monospace
Courier New
Lucida Console
When specifying the font, you should have several font names as a “fallback”
system. If the browser does not support the first font, it tries the next font.
Start with the font you want, and end with a generic family, to let the browser pick
a similar font in the generic family, if no other fonts are available.
Example: p{font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;}
The shorthand property for fonts is font. The properties can be set in this order:
font-style font-weight font-size font-family
Example: font:italic bold 12px/30px Georgia, serif;
Styling Lists
font-family
To specify font, do “font-family: F;” where F is a(re) font
name(s).
font-style
To display text in italics, do font-style:italic;
To display text normally, do font-style:normal;
font-size
To specify font size, do “font-size: SIZE;” where size can be
xx-small, x-small, small, medium, large, x-large, xx-large
font-weight
To specify font weight, do “font-weight:W” where W can be
bold, bolder, lighter
list-style-type
To specify the type of item marker, do “list-style-type:T;”
where T can be circle, square, upper-roman, and upper-latin
list-style-image
To make item marker an image, do list-style-
image:url(“T.gif”); where T is the pictureʼs name
The shorthand property for list-style is list-style. The properties can be set in this
order: list-style-type, list-style-image.
Example: ul{list-style: square url("sqpurple.gif");}
Styling Tables
To style tables, you will use properties introduced earlier.
Table Borders
To specify table borders in CSS, use the border property.
Example: Sample Result:
table, th, td
{
border: 1px solid black;
}
Notice that the table in the example above has double borders. This is because
both the table, th, and td elements have separate borders. To display a single
border for the table, use the border-collapse property.
Collapse Borders
To collapse borders, do border-collapse:collapse;
Here is the code above, with the new command:
Example: Sample Result:
table
{border-collapse:collapse;}
table,th, td
{border: 1px solid black;}
Table Width and Height
Width and height of a table is defined by the width and height properties.
Example: Sample Result:
table
{width:100%;}
th
{height:50px;}
Table Text Alignment
The text in a table is aligned with the text-align and vertical-align properties.
The vertical-align property sets the vertical alignment, like top, bottom, or middle.
Example Sample Result:
td
{height:50px;
vertical-align:bottom;}
Table Padding
To control the space between the border and content in a table, use the padding
property on td and th elements:
Example: Sample Result:
td{padding:15px;}
Table Color
You can specify the color of the borders, the text and background color of th
elements using border, background-color, and color properties.
Example: Sample Result:
table, td, th
{border:1px solid green;}
th
{background-color:green;
color:white;}